How does a chiller oil lubrication system work
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| chiller-oil-lubrication-title jcool |
How does a cooler oil lubrication system work? Coolers must force oil around some of their internal components to provide lubrication and remove heat caused by friction. On some models, oil is used to control and adjust the movement of the vane guides that control cooling capacity.
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| cooler oil lubrication system components |
A small submersible oil pump forces oil around the system and to locations within the sealed container. There is also an electric heating element in the container to ensure that the oil stays at the correct temperature; it will come on and heat the oil if the temperature sensor detects that it is too low.
The oil pump forces the oil to mix in a return oil stream where it then enters the heat exchanger, usually of the plate or shell and tube type, where the refrigerant or cooling water also enters the heat exchanger to remove the heat. unwanted to maintain a specified feed oil temperature.
The oil is then sent to the top of the compressor and typically passes through an oil filter before entering a small oil reservoir. The filter helps prevent foreign particles from entering moving components, which would damage the machine. The tank provides an emergency supply. If the cooler suddenly loses power, the oil pump will not be able to supply lubricating oil as the machine slows down. Therefore, the reservoir provides a gravity supply of oil during this period until the rotating components have come to a complete stop.
From the reservoir, the oil is distributed to a few key components. In a single stream, oil is sprayed as a fine mist onto the drive transmission gears, ensuring an even coating of oil. In another flow, oil is forced under high pressure over bearings and thrust bearings. It needs to be under high pressure to ensure it gets into all the small spaces and covers all surfaces.
Oil from the first stream, the drive transmission, is typically collected in a tank and returned to the reservoir so that the sump pump can continue to push the oil through the system. The oil from the second stream, the bearings, is usually collected and returned directly to the heat exchanger, as it will be much hotter and therefore needs to be cooled.
As mentioned above, other flow is also sometimes used to control the position of the vane guides. The cooler uses the pressure from the oil system to hydraulically move its position.
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